STEM Education in the context of Physical Education in Bulgaria

Abstract

This study explores the possibilities for integrating Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics (STEM) education into physical education within Bulgarian schools. As an innovative educational approach, STEM extends beyond the boundaries of traditional teaching models. By combining science, technology, engineering, and mathematics, this approach offers new opportunities to foster students’ critical thinking, analytical skills, and motivation. Additionally, STEM education supports the development of competencies such as creativity and teamwork. While traditional education primarily prepares students for examinations, innovative education also emphasises preparation for real-life challenges and future professional contexts. Methods: The study analyses the pedagogical aspects of the implementation of this innovative approach in physical education classes through sports games, the use of digital technologies, and project-based activities. In the context of modern education, the role of physical education in schools has evolved beyond simple physical training to a multifaceted tool for shaping the overall development of children. Data were collected through surveys and observations in experimental and control groups, assessing motivation, understanding of the relationship between science and sports, as well as the effectiveness of the methods used. Results: The results show that the integration of this innovative educational approach leads to increased student engagement and interest, as well as improved awareness of the importance of physical activity and a healthy lifestyle. Conclusions: Planning, organising, and conducting Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics (STEM) activities and interdisciplinary lessons in general requires adequate time, additional resources, and substantial support from educational institutions, as well as from the Ministry of Education and Science in the country.